Time Periods of Historical Eras

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The specific chronological boundaries of a historical period, usually marked by significant events, developments, or transitions that signal the beginning and conclusion of an era. May be expressed in years, decades, or centuries depending on precision.

500 CE - 1500 CE: This millennium encompasses the Middle Ages in Europe, Byzantine Empire, and Islamic Golden Age.
3300 BCE - 2000 BCE: This early Bronze Age period saw the rise of Egypt's Old Kingdom, early Mesopotamian city-states, and the Indus Valley Civilization.
1200 BCE - 500 BCE: This period marks the Iron Age transition, featuring the emergence of Greek city-states, early Rome, and major Eastern philosophies.
1890 CE - 1920 CE: This era spans the Progressive Era through World War I, featuring social reform movements and technological innovation.
1603 CE - 1868 CE: This period marks Japan's Edo era of peace, isolation, urban development, and distinctive cultural flourishing under Tokugawa rule.
1871 CE - 1914 CE: This period marks the Belle Époque and European imperialism, characterized by rapid industrialization and scientific advancements.
1185 CE - 1600 CE: This period encompasses the late Medieval era through the Renaissance, featuring feudal societies, artistic revival, and early exploration.
1299 CE - 1922 CE: This period encompasses the complete history of the Ottoman Empire from its founding to dissolution, spanning multiple continents.
1500 BCE - 1500 CE: This vast timespan encompasses Iron Age civilizations through the late Medieval period, covering three millennia of human development.
1600 BCE - 1800 CE: This extensive period covers Iron Age through Enlightenment, featuring the rise and fall of major empires and philosophical innovations.
1600 CE - 1800 CE: This period encompasses the Scientific Revolution through Enlightenment, featuring rationalism, empiricism, and new political theories.
1900 CE - Present: This modern period encompasses rapid technological change, global conflicts, and unprecedented social transformation.
1918 CE - 1939 CE: This interwar period featured cultural flourishing amid economic volatility and the rise of totalitarian regimes.
1200 BCE - 1500 CE: This vast timespan covers the Iron Age, Classical Antiquity, and Medieval period, encompassing major civilizational developments.
1206 CE - 1368 CE: This period marks the Mongol Empire's expansion and rule, dramatically reshaping Eurasian politics, trade, and cultural exchange.
1400 CE - 1700 CE: This period spans the Renaissance through the Scientific Revolution, featuring artistic rebirth, global exploration, and empirical inquiry.
1500 CE - 1900 CE: This period spans Renaissance through Industrial Revolution, featuring colonization, Enlightenment, and transformation to modern society.
1644 CE - 1912 CE: This period encompasses China's last imperial dynasty under Manchu rule, featuring territorial expansion, cultural achievements, and eventual decline.
1945 CE - 1991 CE: This Cold War period featured nuclear standoff between superpowers, decolonization, and unprecedented economic growth.
1400 CE - 1600 CE: This period encompasses the Renaissance and Age of Discovery, featuring artistic innovation, scientific progress, and global exploration.
1543 CE - 1687 CE: This period marks the Scientific Revolution from Copernicus to Newton, fundamentally changing how humans understood the natural world.
1760 CE - 1840 CE: This period marks the First Industrial Revolution, transforming manufacturing, transportation, and social structures through mechanization.
1945 CE - Present: This period covers modern history after World War II, including the Cold War and Digital Age.
475 BCE - 221 BCE: This period covers China's Warring States era, coinciding with Classical Greece and early Roman Republic.
793 CE - 1066 CE: This period covers the Viking Age from the first raids to the Norman Conquest of England.
206 BCE - 220 CE: This period primarily covers the Han Dynasty in China, coinciding with the Roman Empire in the West.
800 BCE - 200 BCE: This period includes Classical Greece, early Roman Republic, and China's Warring States period.
800 BCE - 500 CE: This Classical period encompasses ancient Greece, Rome, Han China, and the early Indian empires.
960 CE - 1279 CE: This period covers China's Song Dynasty, known for its economic prosperity and technological innovations.
600 BCE - 550 CE: This Classical period includes Ancient Greece, Roman Republic and Empire, Han Dynasty, and early Indian empires.
800 BCE - 1500 CE: This extensive period covers Classical Antiquity through the Late Middle Ages across multiple civilizations.
1970 CE - Present: This modern period includes the Information Age, Post-Cold War era, and rapid technological advancement.
3000 BCE - 1200 BCE: This Bronze Age period encompasses early Egyptian dynasties, Mesopotamian civilizations, and Indus Valley cultures.
3300 BCE - 1200 BCE: This period covers the Bronze Age civilizations including early Mesopotamia, Egypt, and Indus Valley cultures.
750 CE - 1258 CE: This period marks the Islamic Golden Age from the Abbasid Caliphate's rise to the Mongol sack of Baghdad.